Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. It is an umbrella term that encompasses diseases which impact the circulatory system such as coronary artery disease, heart disease, and stroke. CVD is the leading cause of death globally, accounting for over 17 million deaths per year.
Some of the most common types of cardiovascular disease include:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD): Occurs when plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries, restricting blood flow to the heart muscle. This can lead to angina or a heart attack.
- Heart failure: When the heart is unable to effectively pump blood to meet the body's demands. This results in fatigue, breathlessness, and fluid retention.
- Stroke: An interruption of blood flow to the brain, caused by a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel. Strokes can lead to brain damage, disability, and death.
Risk factors for CVD include smoking, obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, poor diet, inactivity, and excessive alcohol use. Hereditary factors also play a role. The more risk factors a person has, the greater their chance of developing cardiovascular problems.
Prominent symptoms vary depending on the specific condition but may include:
- Chest pain, tightness, or discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Lightheadedness, dizziness
- Numbness in limbs
- Difficulty speaking
Early screening and detection of CVD risk factors is key. Lifestyle changes like improving diet, increasing exercise, and quitting smoking can help prevent the onset of disease. If you have concerns about your heart health, make an appointment with your doctor right away for an evaluation. They can order diagnostic tests and prescribe medication if appropriate.
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Why wait until you develop full-blown CVD? Contact us today to learn about science-backed options for maximizing your heart vitality at any age. Our world-renowned clinicians will provide personalized care rooted in the latest medical research.
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